1–2

Low — Minimal risk. No protection needed for most people. Safe for 60+ min.

3–5

Moderate — Some risk. Wear sunscreen SPF 30+, hat and sunglasses. Safe for ~30 min.

6–7

High — High risk. SPF 30–50, protective clothing. Seek shade 10am–4pm. Safe ~15 min.

8–10

Very High — Very high risk. SPF 50+, long sleeves, stay in shade. Burns in ~10 min.

11+

Extreme — Extreme risk. Avoid sun exposure. Full protection mandatory. Burns in <5 min.

Method	Recommendation
Sunscreen	SPF 30+ (daily), SPF 50+ (outdoor activities). Reapply every 2 hours.
Clothing	UPF 50+ fabric, long sleeves, wide-brim hat (3+ inch brim)
Sunglasses	UV400 or 100% UVA/UVB blocking lenses
Shade	Seek shade especially 10am–4pm (peak UV hours)
Timing	Best outdoor time: before 10am or after 4pm

Factor	Effect
Altitude	UV increases ~10% per 1000m elevation
Snow / Sand	Reflects up to 80% (snow) / 15% (sand) of UV
Water	Reflects ~25% of UV; also transmits UV below surface
Clouds	Light clouds reduce UV slightly; heavy clouds reduce ~50%
Latitude	UV is stronger near the equator
Ozone	Ozone depletion leads to higher UV levels

Skin Type	Description	Burn Time
I	Always burns, never tans	~10 min
II	Usually burns, tans minimally	~15 min
III	Sometimes burns, gradually tans	~20 min
IV	Burns minimally, always tans	~30 min
V–VI	Rarely burns, deeply pigmented	~40+ min

UV Index Guide

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